Causes: speculation and you may mismanagement for the Wall structure Roadway banking institutions and you can faith companies once the well while the overextension of borrowing from the bank was the cause of panic
People with money reluctant to loan currency so you can other financial institutions
D. Roosevelt victories reelection in 1904 Selected “in the very own best” because of the highest electoral margin over Democrats. Eugene Debs ran into the Socialist violation; Ban cluster including to the vote. Generated themselves a good “lame duck” president
Postal Deals Bank system (1910)
X. Panic of 1907 A. Wall surface Street sustained a short but raw panic in 1907 1. “Runs” on banks, suicides, and criminal indictments against speculators. a. TR cooperated with Morgan banks and other large banks to prevent a banking collapse by transferring millions of Treasury funds from one bank to another. b. 2. Organization frontrunners assailed Roosevelt getting evoking the panic due to his anti-business tactics and called the financial setback the “Roosevelt Panic” 3. Roosevelt felt wounded by criticism, accused Wall Street of engineering the panic, and now sought to further reduce power of trusts. a. Embarked on a second wave of trustbusting. b. Reform today became appropriate (esp. lower tariff) c. Insurgent Republicans and Democrats took on Republican “Old Guard.” B. Results 1. Worry displayed the new intense requirement for elastic currency likewise have. a. During panic, banks unable to increase volume of currency in circulation. b. c. That it visible exhaustion flat means for Government Set aside Work of 1913. 2. Labor and regional reformers achieved crucial center-category partners. a. TR began incorporating Bryan’s ideas. b. Progressives finally embraced reforms put forth reformers of early 1900s, Socialists, strikers and marchers of 1894, People’s party, Knights of Labor, Farmers’ Alliancemen, and Greenbackers.
XI. President William H. Taft A. Election of 1908 1. Taft d. Bryan 321-162 — Third time Bryan defeated in 12 years. 2. Socialist party under Eugene Debs and Prohibition party under garnered just a fraction of the popular vote. B. Style 1. Taft lacked the fire or guts that possessed TR. a. Content to keep status quo rather than rocking the boat. b. Adopted attitude of passivity toward Congress (insurgent Republicans and Democrats opposed him) c. Taft became a friend of dated protect Republicans by default. 2. Cabinet did not contain one member of TR’s reformist wing. C. Dollar Diplomacy (see Imperialism notes) D. Taft as trustbuster 1. Brought 90 suits against the trusts during his four years in office; 2X that of TR a. 1911, United States v. American Tobacco Company i. Supreme Court ordered the company to reorganize on the basis of the “rule of reason” but did not order its dissolution. ii. “Rule of reason” meant only reasonable restraints of trade were authorized. — Severely impaired government’s anti-trust activities. b. 1911, Judge ordered dissolution away from Simple Oil Providers i. Judged to be a combination in restraint of trade in violation of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890. E. Progressive Legislation under taft 1. Conservation: Taft a dedicated conservationist; contributions equaled or out-did TR’s. a. Bureau of Mines established to control mineral resources — Rescued millions of acres of western coal lands from exploitation b. Protected water-power sites from private development. 2. Mann-Elkins Act (1910) Telegraph, telephone, & cable corporations put under ICC jurisdiction 3. Post Office Department was authorized to receive savings deposits from individuals and pay interest of 2% per year on such deposits. — This had been a major Populist idea.
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